What Is Battery Capacity?
Battery capacity is a measure of how much energy a battery can store. It is typically measured in milliampere-hours (mAh) or watt-hours (Wh). Essentially, the higher the capacity, the more energy the battery can hold. This means that a battery with higher capacity can power a device for a longer time before needing to be recharged. For example, a power product battery in a smartphone with 3000 mAh has a higher capacity than one with 2000 mAh. This is because the 3000 mAh battery can store more energy, meaning it can power the phone for a longer period.What Is Battery Life?
Battery life, on the other hand, refers to how long a battery can power a device before it needs to be recharged. It is affected by various factors, such as the device's energy consumption, the efficiency of the battery, and its capacity. For example, a device may have a high-capacity battery, but if the device uses energy quickly (like a gaming laptop), the battery may not last as long. Battery life is often measured in hours or cycles. A cycle is a complete charge and discharge cycle. A higher capacity battery typically leads to longer battery life, but this is not always the case due to how the device uses that power.The Relationship Between Battery Life and Capacity
While battery capacity can influence battery life, they are not directly tied. A device with a larger battery may have longer battery life, but not always. For example, lithium ion battery makers have worked to create batteries with higher capacities that can last longer in various devices, but the device's overall energy efficiency is key. For instance, a high-capacity lithium ion battery may not last longer in a device if the device itself is power-hungry. On the other hand, an energy-efficient device with a smaller battery can last longer than a larger, less efficient battery.Factors Affecting Battery Life and Capacity
- Battery Chemistry: Different types of batteries have different energy densities. For example, lithium-ion batteries tend to have higher energy densities, meaning they can store more power in a smaller package, compared to older battery types like nickel-cadmium (NiCd).
- Power Demand: The power demands of the device affect how quickly the battery depletes. Devices with higher performance, like gaming systems or high-definition cameras, draw more power and reduce battery life faster.
- Temperature: High temperatures can reduce the lifespan of a battery, causing it to lose capacity over time. Lithium ion battery makers have worked to design batteries that can withstand higher temperatures, but extreme heat still affects performance.
- Age of the Battery: As batteries age, their capacity decreases. Over time, a power products battery may not last as long, even if it originally had a high capacity.